Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country made up of the Australian mainland, the island of Tasmania and many small islands. It is the largest country by area in Oceania and the sixth largest country in the world. Australia's population of nearly 26 million is highly urbanized over an area of ​​7,617,930 square kilometers (2,941,300 sq mi) and is heavily concentrated on the east coast. Canberra is the capital of the country, the largest city is Sydney, and other major metropolitan areas include Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide. Various waves of Indigenous Australians settled on the continent some 65,000 years ago, before the first arrival of Dutch explorers in the early 17th century, who called it New Holland. In 1770, the eastern half of Australia was invaded by Great Britain and originally settled in the New South Wales colony on January 26, 1788, which became Australia's national day. The population grew steadily over the following decades, and by the time of the gold rush of the 1850s, much of the continent had been explored by European settlers, and five more self-governing Crown Colonies were established. On January 1, 1901, the six colonies united to form the Commonwealth of Australia. Since then, Australia has maintained a stable liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states and ten territories. Australia is the oldest, most flat and driest continent with the least fertile soils. It is a country of immense diversity, and its size gives it a wide range of landscapes and climates, with deserts in the center, rainforests in the northeast, and mountain ranges in the southeast. Australia generates income from a variety of sources, including mining exports, telecommunications, banking, manufacturing and international education. Australia is a highly developed country with the twelfth largest economy in the world. It has a large economy with the world's tenth per capita income. Australia is a regional power with the thirteenth largest military spending in the world. Immigrants make up 30% of the country's population, which is the highest proportion among the major Western countries. With the eighth-highest Human Development Index and ninth-highest democracy in the world as of 2020, Australia ranks high in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom, civil liberties and political rights, with all of its major cities living exclusively in exceptional conditions. in global comparative beautification studies. He is a member of international groupings including the UN, G20, Commonwealth of Nations, ANZUS, AUKUS, Five Eyes, Quad, OECD, WTO, APEC, Pacific Islands Forum and the Pacific Community.